Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that uses biological systems, organisms, or derivatives to develop products and technologies for human benefit. It combines biology with technology to solve real-world problems in medicine, agriculture, and industry. Modern applications include genetically modified crops for higher yield, production of insulin through microbial fermentation, and gene therapy to treat genetic disorders. Environmental biotechnology uses microbes to clean pollutants, while industrial biotechnology produces biofuels and enzymes. By integrating molecular biology, genetics, and bioinformatics, biotechnology plays a crucial role in advancing healthcare, sustainable agriculture, and environmental conservation.