Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are plants or animals whose DNA has been altered using biotechnology to express desirable traits. In agriculture, GMOs have revolutionized farming by increasing crop yields, improving pest resistance, and enhancing nutritional content. For example, Bt cotton produces a natural insecticide, reducing pesticide usage. Golden Rice is enriched with vitamin A to combat malnutrition. While GMOs offer economic and health benefits, they also raise concerns about biodiversity, ecological balance, and long-term safety. Overall, GMOs represent a significant tool in modern agriculture, enabling sustainable food production to meet global population demands.