A unicameral legislature consists of a single legislative house, where all laws are discussed and passed. This system allows faster decision-making and simpler procedures. In contrast, a bicameral legislature has two houses, usually an upper house and a lower house. Laws must be approved by both houses, which ensures detailed scrutiny and balanced decision-making. Bicameral systems help represent diverse interests, such as states or regions, while unicameral systems emphasize efficiency. Both systems aim to serve democratic principles but differ in structure and functioning.