Triple negative breast cancer is commonly referred to as TNBC. Since these cancer cells lack the three common targets used in some breast cancer treatments, hormone therapy and HER2 targeted medicines are generally not effective. However, several other treatment approaches may be considered depending on the characteristics and stage of the cancer.
Surgery and chemotherapy are important treatment options for many people with triple negative breast cancer. The order and combination of treatments can vary. In some cases, chemotherapy may be given before surgery to reduce the size of the tumor. This approach is known as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In other situations, surgery may be performed first, followed by chemotherapy or other treatments.
Surgical options depend on the size and location of the tumor, as well as individual medical considerations. Some patients may undergo breast conserving surgery, while others may require removal of the breast. Lymph nodes may also be evaluated to determine whether cancer cells have spread beyond the original tumor.
Treatment considerations may include:
The response of the cancer to treatment can also provide useful information for healthcare professionals when planning additional care. Treatment decisions are individualized and may change according to test results and the patient's response.
Advances in cancer research have expanded treatment options for some people with triple negative breast cancer. Immunotherapy may be used in specific cases, particularly when the cancer has certain characteristics or when it is used alongside chemotherapy. These medicines are designed to help the immune system recognize and respond to cancer cells.
Radiation therapy may also be recommended after surgery in some situations. It uses high energy radiation to target cancer cells in a specific area and may be considered based on the type of surgery, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and other clinical factors.
Additional treatment approaches may include:
For metastatic triple negative breast cancer, treatment may focus on controlling the cancer, managing symptoms, and maintaining quality of life. Healthcare teams may use information from tumor testing, genetic testing, and previous treatments to determine which options may be appropriate.
Triple negative breast cancer treatment continues to develop as researchers study new medicines and personalized approaches. Discussing the diagnosis, test results, possible benefits, and potential side effects with qualified healthcare professionals can help individuals understand the available options. This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended as sales or service information.