Mapping is the process of representing the Earth or parts of it on a flat surface using symbols, colors, and scale. In geography, mapping is important because it helps people understand the location, size, shape, and relationships between places. Maps allow us to study natural features such as mountains and rivers as well as human features like cities and roads. They make complex spatial information easy to read and compare. Mapping also supports navigation, planning, education, and decision making by presenting geographic data in a clear and organized visual form.