Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or energy into the environment that causes adverse changes to natural systems. These pollutants may be chemical, physical, or biological in nature and can contaminate air, water, and soil. Pollution disrupts ecological balance, damages biodiversity, and reduces the quality of natural resources. Air pollution leads to respiratory diseases, water pollution affects aquatic life and drinking water, while soil pollution reduces agricultural productivity. Over time, pollution accelerates climate change, degrades ecosystems, and threatens human health and sustainable development.