Air pollution mainly originates from both natural and human-made sources. Major anthropogenic sources include industrial emissions, vehicular exhaust, burning of fossil fuels, construction activities, and agricultural practices such as stubble burning. Power plants release large quantities of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, while vehicles emit carbon monoxide and particulate matter. Natural sources include volcanic eruptions, forest fires, and dust storms. Rapid urbanization, population growth, and increased energy consumption have intensified air pollution, making it a serious environmental and public health concern, especially in developing countries.