Natural disasters are extreme natural events that cause significant loss of life, property, and environmental damage. They are primarily classified based on their origin. Geological disasters include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, and tsunamis, arising from earth’s internal processes. Hydro-meteorological disasters include floods, cyclones, droughts, heatwaves, and cloudbursts, caused by atmospheric and hydrological factors. Biological disasters such as epidemics and pest attacks also fall under this category. This classification helps governments and agencies plan targeted disaster preparedness, mitigation, and response strategies.